Woven fabric



(No Model.)

I. MG'OALLUMIQ WOVEN FABRIC.

Patnted June 2 1891.

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F614. al m Clue -silks 6 35 has UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

IRVING MCOALLUM, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

WOVEN FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent No. 453,289, dated June 2,1891.

Application filed April 24, 1891. Serial No. 3901228. (N0 specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

3e it known that I, IRVING MOOALLUM, a c tizen of the United States,residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of "Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful WovenFabrics, of which the following is a specification.

The principal object of my present inventron is to provide a cut pilecarpet which shall be an improvement upon an ordinary fourply carpet,composed of chenille weft-threads, in the following particulars: First,I produce a full cut pile fabric in which the center and ground weftsare tied or knit in one shed, and in which the face or figuringweft-threads are tied in a separate shed at each row of picks throughoutboth the plain and figured portions of the fabric, so that it isimpossible in my fabric for the fur of the center and ground webs toprotrude between the face wefts, thus avoiding the mottled effect whichalways occurs where the fur of the center and ground wefts projectsbetween the face wefts so as to bevisible upon the face of the fabric;second, Iemploy an ordinary two-ply warpthat is, a warp in fourdivisionsand, third, I produce the above color effect in a homogeneousfabric-i. e., one without pockets.

The nature and characteristic or distinguishing features of a fabricembodying my invention will be more fully understood from the followingdescription, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, formingpart hereof, and in which- Figure 1 is a diagrammatical representationof a section of a portion of a fabric embodying my invention and takenin the direction of the warp-threadsthat is, a section through theweft-threads--showing a fabric having chenille weft-threads arranged toproduce an unmottled out pile face. Fig. 2 is key-chart, showing asection of the wefts employed in Fig. l, and also indicating the colorsthereof;

, and Figs. 3 and a are similar views of a modification of my inventionin which ordinary figuring wefts are employed.

A fabric embodying my invention may be woven upon an ordinaryingrain-carpet loom having four harnesses, a Jacquard machine,

and journals adapted to operate once for four shots of wefts insteadofonce for every shot of weft, as is customary.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the rows of picks P, P P and P comprise,respectively, a red chenille face weft and a white, a blue, and a greenground chenille weft, a white face chenille weft and a blue, a green,and a red ground chenille weft, a blue face chenille weft and a green, ared, and a white ground chenille weft, and a green face weft and a red,a white, and a blue ground weft; but it must be borne in mind that theinvention is not limited to the employment of wefts of any particularcolors, nor to any particular design. For example, at the right-handside of Fig. 11 have shown a single color at the face of two successiverows of picks. The warps may be of like or unlike color. In the presentinstance they are of like color, and are divided into four divisions,(indicated by the numerals 1 2 3 4,) whereof two 2 and 3 lie crosswisebetween the single face weft and the three ground wefts at everyalternate row of picks P P &c., and at the respective faces of everyintervening row of picks P P, 850., and whereof the other two 1 and 4lie in a similar manner, but at the respective faces of the alternaterows of picks P P 850., and crosswise between the single figuring andthe three ground weftsof the intervening rows of picks P P &c.,throughout the whole fabric.

The figure effect is produced in my fabric by causing the face weft tochange places with one of the ground weftsthat is to say, by causing theface weft to go to the bottom or center of the row of picks, and bycausing a ground weft to go from the center or back to the face. Thisresult may be readily attained by causing the Jacquard machine to selectand operate certain of the two divisions of warps lying between thesingle face and the three ground wefts, according to the requirements ofthe pattern,and before each shot of wefts comprising a row of picks isintroduced.

The two divisions of warps lying at the respective faces of the row ofpicks are operated by the journals, preferably by separating them toform a shed and maintaining them in such position during the formationof each row of picks. 1 and 4 are separated, so as to lie at the top andbottom of the row of picks, and are held in such position during thecompletion of the row of picks, and the warps 2 and 3 are operated bythe Jacquard machine once for each shot of weft-that is to say, thewarps 2 and 3 are down during introduction of the red weft and arejacked up during the introduction of the white, blue, and green wefts.At the pick P the warps 2 and 3 are operated by the journals, and warps1 and 4 are operated by the jacquard, in the manner above set forth, andso on throughout the fabric.

The fabric shown in Figs. 3 and 4 embodies a modification of myinvention, and is exactly like the fabric hereinabove described withreference to Figs. 1 and 2, except that ordinary figuring wefts areemployed instead of chenille fur.

Having thus described the naure and objects of my present invention,what I claim 1s- A homogeneous cut pile unmottled figured At pick 1'"the warps 'fabric having rows of picks comprising three figuring weftand three ground wefts of said 35 intervening rows of picks throughoutthe fabric, and the face weft going to the back and one of the threeground wefts going to the face to produce the pattern,substantially asset forth and described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence oftwo witnesses.

IRVING MoCALLUM.

Witnesses:

A. B. STOUGHTON,

'ITERMANN BORMANN.

